Grieban tries to link the ethical nature of the Nazi movement to the American Civil War, in which both Nazi Germany and the Confederate States of American fought to keep the races pure and separated. During the late 1930s and early 1940s, Trumbo became one of Hollywood's highest-paid screenwriters, at about $4,000 per week while on assignment,[21] and earning as much as $80,000 in one year. Nikola said being ostracized and isolated as a family during the blacklist gave them strength. Martin wrote of her: "Mitzi became my official photographer, and she snapped dozens of rolls of film, all to find the perfect publicity photo. One of the last films Trumbo wrote, Executive Action (1973), was based on the Kennedy assassination. Of his early politics, a much older Dalton Trumbo told how he asked his father for five dollars so he could join the Ku Klux Klan, a mass organization after the First World War. 1950 He was an authority on the Red Scare black-listings of the 1950s. In the early 1930s, Trumbo began to write professionally, publishing articles and stories in magazines such as the Saturday Evening Post, Vanity Fair and the Hollywood Spectator. Dalton Trumbo (James Dalton Trumbo) was born on 9 December, 1905 in Montrose, Colorado, USA, is a Writer, Actor, Director. Gradually the blacklist weakened. He died of a heart attack while in hospice care several years later, on September 10, 1976, in Los Angeles, California, and donated his body to science. After two FBI agents showed up at his home, he understood that "their interest lay not in the letters but in me". Edited by Robert Kirsch, the novel initially is epistemologically narrated in the first person through letters written by Grieban before shifting to the third person. Parents. [15] During this time, he wrote movie reviews, 88 short stories, and six novels, all of which were rejected for publication. He won his first Oscar nod for RKO's Kitty Foyle (1940), for which Ginger Rogers won the Academy Award for best actress as a girl from a poor family who claws her way into the upper middle class via a failed marriage to a Main Line Philadelphia swell. Despite the blacklist, Trumbo kept working, writing scripts for low-budget films either under pseudonyms or with another writer as a front. Christopher Trumbo, the screen and television writer son of Oscar-winning screenwriter Dalton Trumbo, who was blacklisted and imprisoned during the Red Scare as a member of the Hollywood 10,. The novel received a National Book Award and has been adapted numerous times for radio, stage and screen. Tue 20 Dec 2011 12.06 EST. It named Trumbo and several others as Communist sympathizers, the first persons identified on what became known as "Billy's Blacklist". What we lived was real. At the time of his death, Christopher Trumbo's net worth was estimated to be between $1 million and $9 million dollars. The interest in Dalton Trumbo and his work grew extensively during the beginning of the 21st century, and he became the subject of several theater productions, documentaries, and . Early in the 1930s, Trumbo began writing professionally. Trumbo wrote many more screenplays for A-list films, including Lonely Are the Brave (1962), The Sandpiper (1965), Hawaii (1966) , and _Fixer, The (1968). Trumbo was one of several writers, directors, and actors who invoked the First Amendment in refusing to answer . Not known Before Fame. Then popularly known as the McCormack-Dickstein Committee, the Special Committee on Un-American Activities exposed fascist organizations, including a planned coup d'etat against President Franklin D. Roosevelt, the so-called Business Plot. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor and the German declaration of war against the U. S. catapulted the U. S. into both the Asian and European theaters of World War II, the book - always popular with peace-lovers and isolationists who opposed America's involvement in foreign wars - suddenly became popular among native fascists, too. Joe continues to think bitterly about the foolishness of fighting and dying in a war that had nothing to do with him, and about the deceitfulness of abstract words like "liberty," "democracy," "freedom," and "decency." Time passes, and Joe tries to occupy his mind with stories, facts, and figures. He was married to Nancy Escher. Several years later he was finally delivered his Oscar for The Brave One. Looking at the movie, I can see how much the blacklist really affected daily living because Trumbo was so edgy and driven and so focused, said Nikola, a family therapist in Seattle. He made a famous speech that many saw as a reconciliation of the two sides of fight. Burial. A World War II novel told by Grieban, the Nazi commandant of the Auschwitz death. At his memorial service, Ring Lardner Jr., his close friend and fellow Hollywood 10 member, delivered an amusing eulogy. Zedar, disciple of the Dark God Torak, who gets sealed up alive in solid rock. Susan King is a former entertainment writer at the Los Angeles Times who specialized in Classic Hollywood stories. HCUA was originally created in 1934 as the Special Committee on Un-American Activities to look into the activities of fascist and pro-Nazi organizations. In 2015 he's making a comeback - and looking a lot like . It turned out that Rich was a nephew of the producers of the film, who denied the rumors that the screenplay actually had been written by a blacklisted screenwriter. Daughter Nikola was born in 1939 and son Christopher in 1940. [41] A new statue was made for this award because Hunter's son refused to hand over the one his father had received. He and his peers were blacklisted from working for any of the major studios and shunned by many in the Hollywood community. Was finally honored with an Oscar for the screenplay of. Shortly after, he fell ill and died, leaving Dalton to support his mother and siblings. He adapted it as the documentary Trumbo (2007),[35][43] which added archival footage and new interviews.[44]. Christopher Trumbo's Net Worth At Time Of Death. Trivia. Following his release, Trumbo was unable to find work in California and moved his family to Mexico City. 1908. HCUA originally was tasked with investigating the involvement of German Americans with the Nazis and the Ku Klux Klan. According to anti-Communist author Kenneth Billingsley, Trumbo had written in The Daily Worker that Communist influence in Hollywood had prevented films from being made from anti-Communist books, such as Arthur Koestler's Darkness at Noon and The Yogi and the Commissar. One of its main characters, John Abbott, is modeled after Trumbo's father. The novel itself has remained an interesting piece of history. HCUA subpoenaed suspected communists in the entertainment industry. They were incisive and smart and detailed and honest., Mitzi Trumbo recalled that when she first read the script, I had so many complaints. The film uses archival footage, interviews and actors reading Trumbo's brilliant letters and scripts to construct a portrait of an uncompromising artist. In 1958, Pierre Boulle won the Oscar for the screenplay adapted from his novel The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), which was unusual since Boulle could not speak nor write in English, which may have been the reason he did not attend the awards ceremony to pick up the Oscar in person. but the project never went through. People dropped away.". Trumbo had long since passed, having died in 1976. Dalton Trumbo Social Network Timeline 2009 His widow Cleo died of age-related causes Oct. 9, 2009, at home in the Bay Area city of Los Altos, CA. . I thought Elle did such a good job. He's the. In 1939, he married Cleo Fincher, with whom he would have three children, and in September of that year, he achieved his peak as a novelist with the antiwar story Johnny Got His Gun. The only kind of love worth having is the kind that goes on living and laughing and fighting and loving. [6][7] When he was given public screen credit for both Exodus and Spartacus in 1960, it marked the beginning of the end of the Hollywood Blacklist for Trumbo and other affected screenwriters. The movie, directed by Jay Roach and written by John McNamara, tells the story of famed screenwriter Dalton Trumbo, who was blacklisted in Hollywood after the House Un-American Activities. We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. OJAI, Calif. (AP) The writer-son of Oscar-winning blacklisted Hollywood screenwriter Dalton Trumbo has died at age 70. She left in 2016. He was also really loving; he just had a hard time expressing himself.. Trumbo died of a heart attack on September 10, 1976, in Los Angeles, California. His screenplays for such films as Devil's Playground (1937) showed some concern for the plight of the disenfranchised, but the Great Depression still existed, and social commentary was inevitable in all but fantasies and musicals. Photo: John Swope/The LIFE Images Collection via Getty Images/Getty Images, Meet Stand-Up Comedy Pioneer Charles Farrar Browne, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads, Name: Dalton Trumbo, Birth Year: 1905, Birth date: December 9, 1905, Birth State: Colorado, Birth City: Montrose, Birth Country: United States. The film focuses primarily on Trumbo's life and career from the beginning of the witch-hunt in 1947 until the end of the Hollywood blacklist in 1960, and then brings the story forward briefly . Heading West James Dalton Trumbo was born in Montrose, Colorado, on December 9, 1905, the first son of. Blacklisted in 1950s; one of the Hollywood Ten. The Trumbos had three children: Nikola Trumbo (1939), who became a psychotherapist; Christopher Trumbo (1940-2011), a filmmaker and screenwriter who became an expert on the Hollywood blacklist; and Melissa Trumbo (1945), known as Mitzi, a photographer. And that he had the perfect right to his political beliefs and his privacy, added Mitzi Trumbo, 70. As "Robert Rich," Trumbo won an Academy Award for best screenplay for The Brave One (1956). Trumbo died of a heart attack on September 10, 1976, in Los Angeles, California. "But when a guy comes along and says here come with me and risk your life and maybe die or be crippled why then you've got no rights. They were subsequently blacklisted by the heads of the major studios, and in 1950, Trumbo served almost a year in prison. It is a lie, a deliberate deception to lead us to our own destruction. He didn't get the five dollars. screenwriters and directors who were blacklisted and driven from their livelihoods for refusing to testify before the House of Un-American Activities Committee". While still in high school, he worked for Walter Walker as a cub reporter for the Grand Junction Daily Sentinel, covering courts, the high school, the mortuary and civic organizations. Orville Day Fincher Share with your friends. Performance & security by Cloudflare. His wife is Cleo Beth Fincher (13 March1938 - 10 September1976)( his death)( 3 children). A World War II novel told by Grieban, the Nazi commandant of the Auschwitz death. did any of them ever say Title Year Status Character; Trumbo: 2015: consultant: Self . When Trumbo was 3 years old, his family moved to nearby Grand Junction, where he would spend his youth. When journalists began digging in to the background of the phantom Mr. Rich, they found out he was the nephew of a producer. [16], Trumbo began his professional writing career in the early 1930s, when several of his articles and stories were published in mainstream magazines, including McCall's, Vanity Fair, the Hollywood Spectator and The Saturday Evening Post. Edited by Robert Kirsch, the novel initially is epistemologically narrated in the first person through letters written by Grieban before shifting to the third person. . His screenplay for The Brave One (1956) won the Oscar for Best Writing, Motion Picture Story in 1958. Heading West. The eccentric Trumbo was known to do his best work writing in the bathtub. If you cannot tell a believable lie, cling then to truth which is always our secret succor in times of need, and manfully accept the consequences. Not Hollywood, not L.A., not the country, At 19, he won a local school board seat. . By the late 1930s, he had worked himself up to better assignments, primarily for RKO (though he returned to Warners for The Kid from Kokomo (1939)), and was working on A-list pictures by the turn of the decade. [8] He finally was given full credit by the Writers' Guild for Roman Holiday in 2011, nearly 60 years after the fact. James Dalton Trumbo (December 9, 1905 - September 10, 1976) was an American screenwriter who scripted many award-winning films, including Roman Holiday (1953), Exodus, Spartacus (both 1960), and Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo (1944). Revisiting the work that was at the root of so much of his past troubles, Trumbo wrote and directed a 1971 film adaption of Johnny Got His Gun, for which he received two awards at the Cannes Film Festival. For Dalton Trumbo, the blacklist ended in 1960, when "Exodus . Dalton Trumbo was a Screenwriter. What is Dalton Gomez's net worth? Also learn how He earned most of Dalton Trumbo networth? Many party members quit the CPUSA in disgust, but the true believers parroted the party line, which was now pro-peace and against US involvement in WWII. He was quick to get angry. Discover Dalton Trumbo's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Trumbo was born in Montrose, Colorado, the son of Maud (ne Tillery) and Orus . One line of questioning of HCUA was to ask if the subpoenaed witnesses were members of the Screen Writers Guild in order to smear the SWG. And on the basis of guilt or innocence, I could never really complain very much. His uncredited work won two Academy Awards for Best Story: for Roman Holiday (1953), which was presented to a front writer, and for The Brave One (1956), which was awarded to a pseudonym used by Trumbo. Because he was blacklisted, he gave his screenplay, Roman Holiday, to his . Dalton Trumbo was an award-winning author and screenwriter who was blacklisted from the film industry from 1947 until the early 1960s due to his Communist ties. After Otto Preminger and Kirk Douglas broke the blacklist in 1959 by hiring Trumbo, it was revealed that the screenplay for "The Brave One" actually had been written by him. Dalton had tried, perhaps unfairly he admitted later, to avenge his father on the town where he had failed. The focus was solely on the communists and their allies, so-called Fellow Travelers who made common cause with communists during the War Years. Trumbo was sentenced to 12 months in prison for refusing to testify in 1947 before the House Un-American Activities Committee, notorious in U.S. history for its investigations of people alleged. Required fields are marked *. '"His speech was a rebuke to New Deal liberals. The art of lying is the art of the practical. So she held his hand, Review: Beau Is Afraid is quite an odyssey, but not necessarily an oughta-see, Review: Edgy satire Sick of Myself takes narcissism to a hilariously queasy new level, Review: A pulsating documentary takes up The Fight Against Native American Mascoting. By the time of America's entry into World War II, Trumbo was one of the most respected, highest paid screenwriters in Hollywood. 1979 In 1979, Trumbo's unfinished novel "Night of the Aurochs" was published posthumously in 1979. "Dishonesty in government is the business of every citizen. Dalton Trumbos income source is mostly from being a successful Writer. 3. Undisclosed. Was a member of Delta Tau Delta International fraternity. ; A Grolim priest who did a lot of very bad things is cursed by Polgara to be invulnerable . [24], William R. Wilkerson, publisher and founder of The Hollywood Reporter, published a July 29, 1946, "TradeView" column entitled "A Vote For Joe Stalin". During this time, Trumbo wrote at least 10 screenplays that were made into filmsincluding the 1953 classic Roman Holiday, starring .css-47aoac{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#A00000;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-47aoac:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}Gregory Peck and Audrey Hepburnas well as doing an unknown quantity of revision work on many others. He took a year off from Columbia to work as an assistant director on his father Dalton Trumbo's 1960 film Exodus, directed by Otto Preminger. In response, Trumbo wrote a scathing letter to The Saturday Review to defend himself, characterizing himself as a paladin championing free speech for all Americans under the aegis of the First Amendment, which the Hollywood 10 claimed gave them the right to refuse to cooperate with HCUA. The family moved due to financial difficulties after his father had been terminated by the shoe company. ; The Belgariad:. Elise McKeogh was Trumbo's long-term agent until her death in 1955. In 1971, he wrote and directed the movie adaptation of his famous anti-war novel, Johnny Got His Gun (1971). Eighteen years later, AMPAS would award him a posthumous Oscar for Roman Holiday (1953). Dalton Trumbo's net worth as of his death was estimated to be $5 million dollars. Dalton Trumbo died on Sep 10, 1976 (age 70). At that moment I thought I was watching Trumbo, she said. He became the managing editor of the Spectator in 1934, a year that also saw him publish his first novel, Eclipse, as well as land a job as a script reader in the Warner Bros. story department. It wasnt until 1960, when director Otto Preminger announced that Trumbo wrote the script to his popular film Exodus and Kirk Douglas also revealed that Trumbo penned the classic epic Spartacus, did the blacklist crack. Both pictures opened in the winter of 1960. Dalton Trumbo Net Worth. I think it was really important that was stated., The film, Mitzi said, showed he was just his own kind of unique person. They all refused to answer when asked, Are you now or have you ever been a member of the Communist Party?, Watch Q&As with the Trumbo cast and crew, 'Trumbo': Looking back at Dalton Trumbo's life and work, 'Trumbo:' Measuring patriotism and talking civil rights, 'Trumbo:' Navigating the media landscape, past and present, During a recent interview with her sister in Beverly Hills, Nikola Trumbo, 76, said her father always asserted that it was no ones business if he was a Communist or not.. Title Year Status Character; Legacy of the Hollywood Blacklist: 1987: TV Movie documentary: Herself: Known for movies. 1940 Dalton Trumbo was many things a screenwriter, a Communist, and a First Amendment advocate whose legacy is felt at CU today. [14] He attended the University of Colorado at Boulder in 1924 and 1925, working as a reporter for the Boulder Daily Camera and contributing to the campus humor magazine, the yearbook, and the campus newspaper. [27][28] In October 1947, drawing upon these names, the House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) summoned Trumbo and nine others to testify for their investigation as to whether Communist agents and sympathizers had surreptitiously planted propaganda in U.S. films. Age discrimination, How to have the best Sunday in L.A., according to Rainn Wilson, The Super Mario Bros. is now highest-grossing video game adaptation with $500 million, Angela Bassett understood Austin Butlers Oscars moment. He was also a member of Sigma Delta Chi, the national journalism honorary fraternity. They appealed the conviction to the Supreme Court on First Amendment grounds and lost. In L. A. , Dalton enrolled at the University of Southern California but was unable to complete enough credits for a degree. Several of his essays and short tales were then printed in well-known periodicals like McCall's, Vanity Fair, the Hollywood Spectator, and The Saturday Evening Post. Dalton Trumbo: Trumbo was one of the Hollywood Ten, a group of screenwriters who were blacklisted in the 1950s for their alleged Communist ties. Mitzi said that the PTA began to have secret meetings to keep their mother from attending. Orus Trumbo died of pernicious anemia in 1926, and Dalton had to take a job to become the breadwinner for his widowed mother and two younger sisters. REMEMBERED LOVED MISSED. How much did Dalton Trumbo earn per year? He continued working clandestinely on major films, writing under pseudonyms or other authors' names. All were fined and jailed, with Trumbo being sentenced to a year in federal prison and a fine of $1,000. While attending high school there, he indulged an early interest in writing by working as a cub reporter for a local paper. In 1945, the last year of the war, MGM released the Margaret O'Brien / Edward G. Robinson vehicle, Our Vines Have Tender Grapes (1945), penned by Trumbo. Like many intellectuals and artists at the time, Trumbo was a member of the Communist Party and during his career had frequently taken unpopular left-leaning political positions. [21][22][23] His novel The Remarkable Andrew featured the ghost of President Andrew Jackson appearing to caution the United States against getting involved in World War II and in support of the Nazi-Soviet pact. The political part was really important to me. Like other communist screenwriters, he proved to be an enthusiastic writer of pro-war propaganda, though except for the notorious pro-Stalin Mission to Moscow (1943), few films displayed any overt communist ideas or propaganda. did they say i like death better than losing liberty? She did it so beautifully.. W hen Mitzi Trumbo was 15, she opened her front door to find one of Hollywood's most famous actors standing outside. In 1944, Original Story was a separate Oscar category and David Boehm and Chandler Sprague were nominated in that category for an Academy Award. Trumbo joined the CPUSA in 1943, the same year Victor Fleming's great patriotic war movie A Guy Named Joe (1943), with a Trumbo screenplay, appeared on screens. We strive for accuracy and fairness.If you see something that doesn't look right,contact us! is 5'9"(1.75m) . Suspicion then arose that Rich was a pseudonym for the blacklisted Trumbo. As Arthur Miller has pointed out, HCUA left the Broadway theater alone, despite the fact that there were communists working in it, because no one outside of the Northeastern U. S. really cared about theater or knew who theatrical professionals were, and thus, it could not generate the publicity that HCUA members craved and courted through their hearings. [30], During this blacklist period, Trumbo also wrote The Brave One (1956) for the King Brothers. He worked as a cub reporter in high school, and in college decided to become a writer. Trumbo's first novel, "Eclipse" (1934), was set in fictional Shale City, Colorado (a thinly veiled Grand Junction) during the 1920s and 1930s, with characters who resembled notable community members. By Eric Gershon June 1, 2015. His widow Cleo died of age-related causes Oct. 9, 2009, at home in the Bay Area city of Los Altos, CA. Timeline 1973 He is known for his work on The Don Is Dead (1973), Johnny Got His Gun (1971) and Brannigan (1975). Dalton Trumbo's net worth was estimated to be $1.5 million at the time of his death. By demanding Dalton Trumbo get credit in 1960 for writing "Spartacus," the screen icon asserts he struck a death blow to a system that forced creatives out of Hollywood, or left them to work . The movie focuses on Trumbo's life in the late 1940s and 1950s. Although the novel was published long after the war's end, it remains one of the most . The year 1945 was crucial for Trumbo and other Hollywood party members in terms of the CPUSA's desire to have their work reflect the party's ideological agenda. [citation needed], In 1924 Orus Trumbo moved the family to California. did they say i'm glad i died to make the world safe for democracy? I was kind of noisy., The political part was really important to me, Nikola said. Dalton Trumbo was an award-winning author and screenwriter. Both sisters spent time on the Trumbo set observing and talking to the cast, especially Cranston and Fanning. There was bad faith and good, honesty and dishonesty, courage and cowardice, selflessness and opportunism, wisdom and stupidity, good and bad on both sides. All Rights Reserved. Dalton Trumbo is in trouble again. Now hes confronting it head-on, The actor, the hairstylist and the eye surgeon: Drugs and death in a Malibu beach house, Have guests in town? His actions conformed to the CPUSA policy of denouncing anyone who opposed the war. A daughter was added, Mitzi, the baby of the family. 5, 46:11 (Audible audiobook edition), Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, "Hollywood blacklisted my father Dalton Trumbo: now I'm proud they've put him on screen", "Blacklisted writer gets credit restored after 60 years for Oscar-winning film", "Writers Guild restores screenplay credit to Trumbo for 'Roman Holiday', "Book, Movie Reminders of Dalton Trumbo's Ties to Grand Junction Leading Man", "Dalton Trumbo: Grand Junction's blacklisted hometown hero", "Hollywood's Missing Movies: Why American films have ignored life under Communism", "Blacklist: THR Addresses Role After 65 Years", "Christopher Trumbo dies at 70; screen and TV writer whose father was blacklisted", "A Voice From the Blacklist: Documentary Lets Dalton Trumbo Speak", "Cleo Trumbo dies at 93; wife of blacklisted screenwriter Dalton Trumbo", "Dalton Trumbo, Film Writer, Dies. "He . Like Roman Holiday, it received an Academy Award for Best Story he could not claim. Trumbo continued to write, mostly short stories, becoming more and more anxious and eventually desperate to leave the bakery, fearing that he would never achieve his destiny of becoming an important writer. After watching the film, Nikola recalled doing a double take during one scene with Cranston. . Portrayed in the off-Broadway play "Trumbo", written by son. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Dalton Trumbo took on whatever jobs were available, including repossessing motorcycles and bootlegging, which he quit because it was too dangerous. In 1979, Trumbo's unfinished novel "Night of the Aurochs" was published posthumously in 1979. He was 7 when his father, Dalton Trumbo, was subpoenaed by the US House Un-American Activities Committee. By the end of the hearings, hundreds of careers were destroyed and examples were made of ten leading writers led by the great Dalton Trumbo- who were not only given prison sentences for defending the U.S. Constitution, but who became un-hirable for years after their release. He worked on the school's newspaper, humor magazine and yearbook, while also toiling for the Boulder Daily Camera. When the blacklist finally lifted, he was 54. Your IP: At the 1957 Academy Awards, Robert Rich won the Oscar for best original story of 1956 for The Brave One (1956). [26] He argued that the U.S. was a "menace" to Russia, rather than the more popular American view of Russia as the "red menace". [25] Trumbo regretted this decision, which he called "foolish". Net Worth 2020. Physique. Married James Dalton Trumbo on March 13, 1938, at Los Angeles, California. Dalton Trumbo. Shortly thereafter, he was readmitted to the Writers Guild of America, effectively bringing the blacklist to an end. In the case of Gun Crazy (1950), adapted from a short story by MacKinlay Kantor, Kantor agreed to be the front for Trumbo's screenplay. But they're quite wrong. One of Hopper's victims was screenwriter Dalton Trumbo, who was blacklisted throughout the late 1940s and 1950s partially through Hopper's consistently negative coverage of his Communist Party membership. of a heart. The book was controversial in his hometown, where many people took issue with his fictional portrayal. It was a hard time for the family both financially and emotionally, as Cleo Trumbo told People in a 1993 interview. You might be interested to know more about Dalton Trumbo. Primary Sources Dalton Trumbo. Dalton Trumbo was born on December 9, 1905 in Montrose, CO. Oscar-winning screenwriter and the most famous member of the Hollywood Ten, who were ten directors and screenwriters who refused to testify before the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1947. . As for the Hollywood Ten, all were members of the Communist Party, and we've known their card numbers since the 1940s: Dalton Trumbo 47187, John Howard Lawson 47275, Albert Maltz 47196, Alvah .
